Importance of Innovation Strategies in Organizations

Modern Management Concepts

Becoming a Better You: A Guide to Self-Learning While Working Full-Time

General Business Articles

Concept of National Innovation Systems

International Business

Case Study: Henry Ford’s Contributions to Organizational Behavior and Leadership

Management Case Studies

De Bono’s Six Thinking Hats: A Creative and Critical Thinking Model

Human Resource Management

People Capability Maturity Model (PCMM)

People Capability Maturity Model (PCMM) is a maturity framework that focuses on continuously improving the management and development of the human assets of a software or information systems organization. PCMM can be perceived as the application of the principles of Capability Maturity Model to human assets of a software organization. It describes an evolutionary improvement path from ad hoc, inconsistently performed practices, to a mature, disciplined, and continuously improving development of the knowledge, skills, and motivation of the workforce. Although the focus in People CMM is on software or information system organizations, the processes and practices are applicable for any organization that aims to improve the capability of its workforce.… Read the rest

Abey Francis

Competitive Advantage of Internationalization Strategies

First, the structure of competition is undergoing a profound change. Competitiveness is moving rapidly from a national to an international – indeed, global-scale. It is clear that, even with government purchasing, fewer segments of industry remain defensible at the national level in, for example, consumer electronics, telecommunications, transport technology and power engineering; and there is a growing list of sectors where companies are experiencing the benefits of value-added from design to sales. In some sectors, it can be in terms of designing products for many markets, thus lowering production costs earlier than is possible for purely national forms (worldwide designs can cover 80 per cent of customer needs, with 20 per cent for local adaptations).… Read the rest

Abey Francis

Internationalization Strategy Selection

Choice of the strategy does not consist merely of a collection of isolated decisions on products, markets, channels, partners and operation modes. These decisions are also core issues of a competitive strategy. Therefore, the choice of a strategy is all about choosing an appropriate framework for the growth and internationalization strategy for the company‘s competitive success. That is, the choice of strategy must be understood within the context of strategic planning.

The strategy of the firm is concerned with matching a firm‘s resources and capabilities to the opportunities and challenges arising from the external environment. This could just as easily be restated as, €•The choice of the growth and internationalization strategy is concerned with matching a firm‘s resources and capabilities to the opportunities and challenges arising from the external environment.… Read the rest

Abey Francis

International Competitive Strategies

Firms which succeed in implementing competitive strategy can gain competitive advantage: this latter improves the firm’s competitive position, creates a barrier to entry, and enables a firm to change its competitive stance in response to market changes. Two constructs appear significant at this strategic level.

First, distinctive competence; this refers to activities which a firm does better than its competitors, but which require superior skills and resources. The latter are basically tangible assets such as the technology, the distribution network or superior resources; access to supply can also enhance the position. Distinctive competence can create barriers to imitation and help sustain competitive advantage; and superior skills and resources improve the firm’s position when they can lower costs (through scale economies, the learning curve or capacity utilization) or create value to customers.… Read the rest

Abey Francis

Importance of International HRM

Various threats generated by the liberalization of an economy can be met only through bringing corresponding changes in management practices including practices related to International HRM. In the newer management practices, more emphasis has been given to International HRM because of the following factors:

1. Emphasis on Core Competency.

Post-liberalization, many organizations have started focusing on their core competence and businesses are being organized around that. Core competence is a unique strength of an organization that may not be shared by others. This may be in the form of unique financial resources (finance available at a much lower cost), manpower resources, marketing capability, or technological capability.… Read the rest

Abey Francis

Implications for International HRM

Diversity of various types in a global company suggests that HRM practices have to be tailor-made to suit the local conditions. Such practices can be seen in the context of different HRM functions.

Recruitment and Selection

A global company has the following alternative approaches to recruitment and selection of employees:

  1. Ethnocentric-all key positions, in headquarters as well as subsidiaries, are staffed by parent-country nationals.
  2. Polycentric-key positions in subsidiaries staffed by host-country nationals and those in headquarters staffed by parent-country nationals.
  3. Regiocentric-key positions staffed by host-country nationals within particular geographical regions (such as continent-wise).
  4. Geocentric-key positions in headquarters as well as subsidiaries staffed by people based on merit, irrespective of their nationality.
… Read the rest
Abey Francis
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