Indian banking system: Development banks: Export-import bank of India (EXIM Bank)

The Export-import bank of India (EXIM Bank) was set up in January 1982 as a statutory corporation wholly owned by central government. Its paid up capital in 1988-89 was Rs 220.50 crores. Activities performed by EXIM Bank: It grants direct loans in India and outside for the purpose of imports and exports; Refinances loans to banks and other notified financial institutions for the purpose of international trade ; Rediscounts usance export bills for banks; Provide overseas investment finance for Indian companies toward their equity participation in joint venture abroad and guarantees, along with banks, obligations on behalf of project exporters; It is also a co-coordinating agency in the field of international finance and it undertakes development of merchant banking activities in relation to export oriented industries; Thus it provides fund based as well as non fund based assistance in the foreign trade sector. The main objective of Export-Import Bank (EXIM Continue reading

Indian banking system: Development banks: Small scale Industrial Development Bank of India (SIDBI)

The Small scale Industrial Development Bank of India (SIDBI) was set up in October 1989 under the Act of parliament as a wholly owned subsidiary of the IDBI. It is the central or apex or principal institution which oversees, co-ordinates and further strengthens various arrangements for providing financial and non-financial assistance to small-scale, tiny, and cottage industries. SIDBI objectives are: To initiate steps for technological up gradation and modernization of existing units To expand channels for marketing of SSI sector products in India and abroad To promote employment-oriented industries in semi-urban areas and to check migration of population to big cities. It operates two funds: Small Industries Development Fund and Small Industries Development Assistance Fund. The operation of the former and of National Equity Fund which were earlier looked by IDBI is now handled by the SIDBI. Its financial assistance is channeled through the existing credit delivery system comprising NSIC, Continue reading

Indian banking system: Co-operative banks

Co-operative banks in this country are a part of vast and powerful structure of co-operative institutions which are engaged in tasks of production, processing, marketing, distribution, servicing and banking in India. The beginning co-operative banking in this country dates back to about 1904, when official efforts were made to create a new type of institution based on principles of co-operative organization & management, which were considered to be suitable for solving the problems peculiar to Indian conditions. In rural areas, as far as the agricultural and related activities are concerned, the supply of credit was inadequate, and money lenders would exploit the poor people in rural areas providing them loans at higher rates. Co operative Banks in India are registered under the Co-operative Societies Act. The cooperative bank is also regulated by the RBI. They are governed by the Banking Regulations Act 1949 and Banking Laws (Co-operative Societies) Act, 1965. Continue reading

Role and Functions of Reserve Bank of India (RBI)

The Reserve Bank of India is the central bank of India, was established on April 1, 1935 during the British-Raj in accordance with the provisions of the Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934. The Reserve Bank of India was set up on the recommendations of the Hilton Young Commission. The commission submitted its report in the year 1926, though the bank was not set up for nine years. The Central Office of the Reserve Bank was initially established in Kolkata, Bengal, but was permanently moved to Mumbai in 1937. Though originally privately owned, the RBI has been fully owned by the Government of India since nationalization in 1949. The Preamble of the Reserve Bank of India describes the basic functions of the Reserve Bank as to regulate the issue of Bank Notes and keeping of reserves with a view to securing monetary stability in India and generally to operate the Continue reading

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI): Objectives and Functions

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the apex financial institution of the country’s financial system entrusted with the task of control, supervision, promotion, development and planning. RBI is the queen bee of the Indian financial system which influences the commercial banks’ management in more than one way. The RBI influences the management of commercial banks through its various policies, directions and regulations. Its role in bank management is quite unique. In fact, the RBI performs the four basic functions of management, viz., planning, organizing, directing and controlling in laying a strong foundation for the functioning of commercial banks. History  of Reserve Bank of India (RBI) In 1921, the Imperial Bank of India was established to perform as central bank of India by the British Government. But unfortunately Imperial Bank failed to show its performance up to the mark and didn’t achieve any success as the Central Bank. Then the Continue reading

Introduction to listening skills

What is listening? Listening is a process of receiving, interpreting and reacting to the messages received from the communication sender. Effective listening is an art of communication, which is often taken for granted and ignored. Like any other art, listening require to be cultivated consciously and carefully. Unfortunately, our education systems beginning from kindergarten up to college level do not pay attention to the teaching of effective listening. Poor listening can be considered, as a mighty barrier to communication as listening is fundamental to all communication. It often results in losing messages due to improper functioning of communication. Listening require conscious efforts of interpreting the sounds, grasping the meanings of the words and reacting to the message. Interpreting the sound signals is a cognitive act, which depends on the listener’s knowledge of the code signals and on its attitude towards the communication sender. Active listening process begins when the listener Continue reading

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