Participative Management – Workers Participation in Management

Human Resource Management

Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

How to Meet Costa Rica’s 2026 VASP Requirements Without Expanding Headcount

General Business Articles

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Different Approaches to Training Needs Assessment

What is Training Need Assessment? “A training need exists when an employee lacks the knowledge or skill to perform an assigned task satisfactorily. It arises when there is a variation between what the employee is expected to do on the job and what the actual job performance is.” To pinpoint the range of training needs and define their content, the HR department uses different approaches to needs assessment. 1. Survey: Survey the potential trainees to identify specific topics about which they want to learn more. It suggests that trainees are more likely to be receptive to the resulting programs when they are viewed as relevant. The group’s expertise may be tapped through a group discussion, a questionnaire, the Delphi procedure, or a nominal group meeting. 2. Group recommendation: The group’s expertise may be tapped through a group discussion, a questionnaire, the Delphi procedure, or a nominal group meeting. i. Group Continue reading

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Import Process

Importing refers to the purchase of foreign products for use or sale in the home market. Importing involves searching foreign markets for acceptable products and sources of supply, providing for transfer of the product to the home market, arranging financing, negotiating the import documentation and customers procedure, and developing plans for use or for resale of the item of service. Thus, successful importing depends on more than good buying; it requires planning for acceptance of the product and delivery of the promised benefits. The importing firm has the responsibility to determine whether the foreign product or service will meet the needs to the home market. Essentially the import process comprise the following five stages: Determining market demand and purchases motivation. Locating and negotiating with sources of supply. Securing physical distribution. Preparing documentation and customs processing to facilitate movement among countries and organizations. Development a plan for resale or use. 1. Continue reading

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4 Important Profitability Ratios Every Business Must Calculate

While profitability ratios evaluate a business overall financial performance through appraising its capability to produce revenues in surplus of service costs as well as other expenses. There are at least four profitability ratios, which they are gross profit margin, as well net profit margin, besides return on assets, in addition to return on equity. These ratios are used to assess performance and, with other data, forecast prospect profitability. Along with that is the future viability in addition to the soundness, which will repay loans as well as credit, additionally pay interest along with dividends. Since profits are divided amongst shares, the profit per share indicates possible dividend. 1. Gross Profit Margin It demonstrates how well the business is efficiently producing or else providing products as well as services. It shows how well products are priced given the proper otherwise variable costs it takes to create or even give them. The Continue reading

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Concept of ‘Fear of Floating’

In the modern era, many countries claim to be running a floating exchange rate. However, many of these countries actively limit fluctuation in the external value of their national monies. This behaviour has been dubbed “fear of floating”, several reasons exist for it. Firstly, there is the ‘original sin’ problem. Many emerging economies are unable to borrow overseas in their domestic currency. This leads to an accumulation of foreign debt liabilities that are unhedged. If there is a sharp depreciation in these nations’ exchange rate, the domestic currency value of their external debt will be altered and thus their economies net worth will also change. Secondly, policymakers in emerging markets suffer from a chronic lack of credibility. The economies may therefore experience large and frequent shocks to exchange rate expectations or to interest rate risk premiums. To gain confidence and credibility, the authorities who set the interest rate will therefore Continue reading

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Introduction to Linear Programming (L.P)

The mathematical definition of linear programming (L.P.) can be stated as – “It is the analysis of problems in which a linear function of a number of variables is to be maximized (minimized), when those variables are subject to a number of restraints in the form of linear inequalities”. Linear programming models thus belong to a class of mathematical programming models concerned with efficient allocation of resources to known activities with the objective of meeting a desired goal. Organizations can have many goals. Hence, a wide variety of problems can be efficiently solved using L.P. technique. Here are a few examples: A product mix problem: Decide the combination of various product quantities to maximise profit or to minimise production cost. Allocation of bank funds: To achieve highest possible returns. This should be achieved within liquidity limits set by RBI and maintaining flexibility to meet the customers demand for loans. Manufacturing Continue reading

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Kotter’s Eight Step Change Model – Explained

Organizational change is described as the shift of the behavior of the whole organization, to one degree or another. One should understand that change is not that can immediately occurs, ought to be intended and planned process to maintain an organization practical and existing. Three categories of organizational change are; Development change is that change where organization try perform better what they all ready performing. Transitional change is that change in which organization implement totally new methods replacing old ones. Transformational change is that change where organization do major overhauling of its structure, vision and strategy and change bring evolution in the organization. Managing culture in the organization is very important these days when every day new technology is coming and there is so much competition in the market to stay on the top. Organizations are going through a big cycle of cultural change these days from daily tasks to Continue reading

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