Organizational Health – Concept, Dimensions, and Characteristics

Management Concepts

Organizational Health Approach – Building a Strong Workplace

Modern Management Concepts

Participative Management – Workers Participation in Management

Human Resource Management

Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Current Exchange Rate Regimes

An exchange rate is the price of one currency in terms of another currency. As in the case of any other goods, the price of a currency is affected by supply and demand. As demand for a currency increases (or supply decreases) its price will rise. This is referred as an appreciation. Conversely, as demand for a currency decreases, or supply increases, its value will depreciate. The prospect of large and rapid swings in exchange rates introduces uncertainty into the business environment.   A well-functioning international monetary system ensures stability in the exchange rates. The central element of the international monetary system involves the arrangements by which exchange rates are set. The purpose of an exchange-rate system is to facilitate and promote international trade and finance. There have been three major exchange rate regimes from a historical perspective — Fixed Exchange Rates, Floating or Flexible Exchange Rates, and Managed Exchange Continue reading

Abey Francis

RBI as the Exchange Control Authority

One of the important central banking functions of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the maintenance of the external value of the rupee. As such it has been given the custody of foreign exchange reserves and sole agency for the administration of exchange controls in India. All receipts and payments in and out of India require general or special permission of the RBI. The dealings in foreign exchange and foreign securities in India, payments to person resident outside India and export and import of currency notes, bullion or precious stones etc., are subject to general or special permission of RBI or are prohibited. The RBI with the help of authorized dealers, and moneychangers carries on the administration of controls. The types of transactions, which are controlled by the RBI and the government are in general those which have international financial implications and include inter alia the following important items. Continue reading

Abey Francis

Product Life Cycle and Industrial Pricing

Pricing strategies vary as the  industrial product moves through its life cycle. The industrial pricing strategy is a key  factor in each of the four cells of product life cycle. Introductory Stage Pricing Strategy: There are two pricing strategies  available for a new product which is in the introductory stage of its life cycle.  These are: (a) Penetration Strategy, and (b) Skimming Strategy. An industrial  marketer must analyze the price from the angle of the buyers. How soon the  firm should try ton recover the investment on the new product is another  important factor to be considered by the industrial marketer. Penetration Strategy: When the price elasticity of demand is high or the  buyers are highly price sensitive, strong threat exists from potential competitors  and opportunity exists to reduce the unit cost of production and distribution with  increase in volumes the penetration strategy is effective. The firm can draw on Continue reading

Abey Francis

The Advantages and Disadvantages of Outsourcing

Although the concept of outsourcing has been around for decades, it gained momentum during the 90’s when managers started realizing that in order to stay competitive in the market they needed to transfer non-core functions to external specialists. During the initial years, the cost saving aspect was the most important reason companies chose to outsource, but these days a wide range of benefits act as the driving factor for outsourcing. Therefore, the decision to outsource is not a sole purchasing or financial decision, but often it is based on major strategic issues implying enormous organisational changes. Advantages of Outsourcing With the benefits of outsourcing a company will be able to see big increase in its profits, productivity  and level of quality, business value, business performance and much more. Some of the advantages of outsourcing  are listed below; Reduction and Control of Cost:  Outsourcing helps companies reduce their cost on resource Continue reading

Abey Francis

Porter’s Value Chain

The term ‘Value Chain’ was used by Michael Porter in his book “Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining superior Performance” (1985). The value chain analysis describes the activities the organization performs and links them to the organizations competitive situation. Value chain analysis describes the activities within and around an organization, and relates them to an analysis of the competitive strength of the organization. Therefore, it evaluates which value every particular activity adds to the organizations products or services. This idea was build upon the insight that an organization is more than a random compilation of machinery, equipment, people and money. Only if these things are arranged into systems and systematic activates it will turn’s possible to manufacture something for which customers are willing to pay a price. Porter argues that the capability to perform particular activities and to manage the linkages between these activities is a source of competitive advantage. Porter Continue reading

Abey Francis

Different Types or Classification of Agents in Business Law

An “agent” is a person employed to do any act for another, or to represent another in dealing with third persons. The person for whom such act is done, or who is so represented, is called the “principal”. Read: Principal-Agent Problem in Business Law As between the principal and third persons, any person may become an agent, but no person who is not of the age of majority and sound mind can become an agent, so as to be responsible to the principal according to the provisions in that behalf herein contained. No consideration is necessary to create an agency. The authority of an agent may be express or implied. An authority is said to be express when it is given by words spoken or written. An authority is said to be implied when it is to be inferred from the circumstances of the case; and things spoken or written, Continue reading

Abey Francis