Major Drawbacks of Entrepreneurship

Entrepreneurs are persons who are creative and imaginative in finding ways and add them to their own wealth, power and prestige. Entrepreneurs innovate and introduce new quality of good which consumers are not familiar yet. Besides, they often launch new method of production and new market which have not been tested and existed before yet. Moreover, they also bring new source of supply of raw material or half manufactured goods. Likewise, they create monopoly position which is the carrying out of the new organisation of any industry. It is important to differentiate between two primary types of entrepreneurs to understand how economic development occurs. ‘The initiation entrepreneur” is responsible for unprecedented economic growth during 19th and 20th centuries; creating new products, new productive technologies or procedures which has not existed before. Whereas ‘the imitative entrepreneur’ is for economic advancement in developing countries today, where there is a more widespread and Continue reading

Transport Documents used in International Trade

In international trade, the goods move from the warehouse of the exporter to the warehouse of the importer. The goods may move by land water or air or a combination of one or more of these modes. In international trade, such transport documents are more in number and it is very important to know the significance of each type of document and its nomenclature, etc. One of the important aspects to be remembered with regard to any transport document is that it must show the name of the carrier. 1. Bill of Lading This is a transport document, which represents the movement of goods by water. A Bill of Lading is a formal receipt given by a ship owner or their authorized agents stating that the goods mentioned therein (quantity, quality, description etc.) are shipped on a specified date and vessel and are deliverable to the person mentioned therein or Continue reading

Product Life Cycle – Meaning, Stages and Significance

Many products generally have a characteristic known as perishable distinctiveness.   This means that a product which is distinct when new degenerates over the years into a common commodity. The process by which the distinctiveness gradually disappears as the product merges with other competitive products, has been rightly termed by Joel Dean as “the cycle of competitive degeneration”. The cycle begins with the invention of a new product and is often followed by patent protection, and further development to make it saleable. This is usually followed by a rapid expansion in its sales as the product gains market acceptance. Then competitors enter the field with imitation and rival products and the distinctiveness of the new product starts diminishing. The speed of degeneration differs from product to product. While some products fail immediately on birth or a little later, others may live long enough. BPL’s picture in picture TV was eliminated Continue reading

History of banking in India

There are three different phases in the history of banking in India. Pre-Nationalization Era. Nationalization Stage. Post Liberalization Era. 1. Pre-Nationalization Era: In India the business of banking and credit was practices even in very early times. The remittance of money through Hundies, an indigenous credit instrument, was very popular. The hundies were issued by bankers known as Shroffs, Sahukars, Shahus or Mahajans in different parts of the country. The modern type of banking, however, was developed by the Agency Houses of Calcutta and Bombay after the establishment of Rule by the East India Company in 18th and 19th centuries. During the early part of the 19th Century, ht volume of foreign trade was relatively small. Later on as the trade expanded, the need for banks of the European type was felt and the government of the East India Company took interest in having its own bank. The government of Continue reading

Deciding on the Right Credit Card

How much is the joining fee and the annual fee? Generally, a credit card with a higher annual fee enjoys more benefits like higher credit limit, higher accident insurance cover, accessibility to airport lounges, travel discounts etc. OF at least the used to be the case. With cutthroat competition between the card issuing banks, players are ready to waive joining fees and also one-year membership fees for anyone. Grab these offers, or negotiate this for yourself. How much is the Add-on card fee? If you are interested in buying add-on cards for your children, spouse or friend, ask for the add-on card fee. Remember that you will be settling the bills on the add-on card that you so touchingly gift to someone dear to you – the statement will come to you, and the responsibility for payment is yours (as far as the credit card company is concerned) What is Continue reading

The Role of Leadership in Shaping Organizational Culture

Leadership is realized in the process whereby one or more individuals succeeds in attempting to frame and define the reality of others. Many around the world who call themselves leaders are in fact only managers, to be a leader you must have a clear vision and a goal to achieve your desired outcome.  Leaders help themselves and others to make the correct choices. They set direction, build an inspiring vision, and create something that’s never been created before. Leadership is about planning out where you need to go to succeed as a team or an organization; and it is strong, exhilarating, and motivating. Yet, while leaders set the direction, they must also use management skills to guide their people to the right destination, in a smooth and efficient way without any bumps in the road. This article will discuss the three key types of leadership styles; transactional, transformational and conscious. Continue reading