Classification and Tabulation of Data in Research

Classification of Data Classification is the way of arranging the data in different classes in order to give a definite form and a coherent structure to the data collected, facilitating their use in the most systematic and effective manner. It is the process of grouping the statistical data under various understandable homogeneous groups for the purpose of convenient interpretation. A uniformity of attributes is the basis criterion for classification; and the grouping of data is made according to similarity. Classification becomes necessary when there is diversity in the data collected for meaningful presentation and analysis. However, in respect of homogeneous presentation of data, classification may be unnecessary. Characteristics of classification of data are; Classification performs homogeneous grouping of data. It brings out points of similarity and dissimilarities. The classification may be either real or imaginary. Classification is flexible to accommodate adjustments. Objectives of classification of data; To group heterogeneous data Continue reading

Negotiations Between Host Governments and MNEs

Home and host countries evaluate business propositions of  Multinational Enterprises (MNEs) from their points of view. The evaluation relates to size, place, product, price, process, people and partnership related issues. Negotiations are take place between MNEs and host government whenever consensus is not reached on major issues. Here comes the importance of business-government relationships. The business negotiations and diplomacy between companies and governments determine the terms of international business operations. MNEs attitude to Governmental Stipulations Multinational Enterprises (MNEs)  attitude to Governmental Stipulations may be one of complying. This is highly positive. In a hierarchical view of governmental authority, companies accept regulations as ‘givens’, and MNEs comply with. Occasionally they try to circumvent, avoid or repudiate operating because of the regulations. MNEs comply with Government regulations when the regulations don’t unduly constrain their desired mode of operations, when benefits are sufficiently attractive in spite of regulations, and when they cannot practically Continue reading

Exterior Design Considerations in Retail Store Design

The exterior design of any retail store must protect the interior from the outside elements (heat, dust, humidity, light etc.). Just as  important, it also serves to convey information to potential customers. The  exterior is first part of the store that potential customers see. They will determine  from the outside whether or not they wish to enter and shop. It is critical that the  outside of the store gain the attention of customers and entice them to enter. If the  outside does not reflect an image appropriate to customers, they will not enter into the store. The important exterior design considerations  for the retail store  design are: 1. New Building versus Existing Facility The decision to build a new facility or seek existing space is a critical  element in exterior design planning. Each option has its advantages. Building  allows the retailer to design all aspects of the exterior and interior. Continue reading

Why is Strategic Planning Important to Small Organizations?

When the future life and well being of a business organisation is pre-planned at the present time using proper projections, strategic planning comes into play. Hence, strategic planning entails some of the steps and procedures which can be put in place in an organisation so that it can experience face lifting in the near or distant future. Each division within a company ought to craft its own strategic plan which will focus on growth and performance. This is necessary because the impressive growth of a business organisation is entirely dependent on laid out plans. Nevertheless, whether in a small or big company, a strategic plan should be in a simplified version which is easy to understand, interpret and implement. Complicated elements in a strategic plan document may not be helpful at all especially when the same is to be implemented. As already mentioned, strategic plan should be in form of Continue reading

Case Study: Hospital Management System (HMS)

XO Hospital Management System XO Infotech Ltd. has developed a core package — Hospital Management System that addresses all major functional areas of Hospital. The development environment ensures that XO HMS has the portability and connectivity to run on virtually all standard hardware platforms, with stringent data security and easy recovery in case of a system failure. XO HMS provides the benefits of streamlined operations, enhanced administration and control, improved response to patient care, cost control, and increased profitability. Some of the Subsystem Modules in XO HMS: Reception: The reception module handles various enquiries about the patient’s admission and discharge details, bed census, and the patient’s movements within the hospital. The system can also handle fixed-cost package deals for patients as well as Doctor Consultation and Scheduling, Doctor Consultancy Fees and Time Allocation. OPD, IPD Registration and Admission: This module helps in registering information about patients and handling both IPD Continue reading

Service Quality

Definition of Service Quality There are a number of different “definitions” as to what is meant by services quality. In its simplest form service quality is a product of the effort that every member of the organization invests in satisfying customers. In its broadest sense service quality is defined as superiority or excellence as perceived by the customer. More especially service quality has been defined as: The delivery of excellent or superior service relative to customer expectations. Quality is behavior – an attitude – that says you will never settle for anything less community, your stockholders or colleagues with whom you work every day. When we want to be effective – delivering good quality to the customer – we must produce services that meet “as much as possible” the needs of the consumer. Quality is providing a better service than the customer expects. One that is commonly us defines services Continue reading