Organizational Health – Concept, Dimensions, and Characteristics

Management Concepts

Organizational Health Approach – Building a Strong Workplace

Modern Management Concepts

Participative Management – Workers Participation in Management

Human Resource Management

Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

Competitive Intelligence (CI) – Definition, Need and Benefits

The growing competition in the business industry has made it necessary for any company to stay in competition or have a competitive advantage over its competitors, adequate and relevant information about the competitors need to be received or known at the right time in other to make a good strategic business decision. Competitive intelligence is defined as a systematic process that transforms random bits and pieces of data into strategic knowledge. This information comprises about competitors, customers, technological, environmental, product and market in. other to make a good strategic decision. Competitive intelligence is described as those activities a company undertake in determining and understanding its industry as well as identifying and understanding the competitors, also determine and understand their weaknesses and strength and anticipate their next move(s). This definition of competitive intelligence tends to identify/determine, understand and anticipate industry and competitors. Furthermore competitive intelligence is a process of monitoring the Continue reading

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Hedging with Derivatives – Futures Hedging, Forwards Hedging, and Swap Hedging

Futures Hedging A futures contract compels the buyer to purchase a particular quantity of assets within a certain period of time. The price of the purchase is agreed in the contract at the time of entering this contract. The asset that is to be purchased is referred to as the underlying asset and the time when this asset is purchased or sold is known as the expiry date or maturity date. While the major difference between a futures contract from an options contract is the obligation to purchase an asset, forward contracts also oblige the buyer to purchase the underlying asset. However, in contrast to forward contracts, futures contracts are drawn according to standardized forms and are more liquid since they are traded on secondary markets. Futures contracts provide more liquidity in comparison with forward contracts. A party that enters a futures agreement to purchase security may sell this right Continue reading

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Objectives of Financial Management

Financial management is concerned with procurement and use of funds.   Its main aim is to use business funds in such a way that the firm’s value / earnings are maximized.   Financial management provides a frame work for selecting a proper course of action and deciding a viable commercial strategy.   The main objective of a business is to maximize the owner’s economic welfare.   This objective can be achieved by; Profit Maximization, and Wealth Maximization. 1. Profit  Maximization Profit earning is the main aim of every economic activity.   A business being an economic institution must earn profit to cover its costs and provide funds for growth.   No business can survive without earning profit.   Profit is a measure of efficiency of a business enterprise.   Profits also serve as a protection against risks which cannot be ensured.   The accumulated profits enable a business to face Continue reading

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An Overview of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

About Sarbanes-Oxley Act The Sarbanes—Oxley Act of 2002 was passed on July 30, 2002 and only the public companies are now feeling its impact. This act frequently called the “most significant accounting or auditing legislation since the securities exchange Act of 1934”. After the implementation it has established its demands to the companies for proper management and disclosure of risk. There have been found a number of corporate financial scandals (e.g. Enron Accounting Scandal) that provides various type of weakness in the governance and auditing practice in the organization. It represents the failures in controlling the reliability and integrity to the stock markets. The scandals cost billions of dollars for the investors when the affected companies were collapsed. As a result, these scandals make upset the public confidence in the nation’s security markets. The Sarbanes—Oxley Act was passed in positive response by the American congress on July 30, 2002 in Continue reading

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An Introduction to Cryptography and Digital Signatures

Cryptography The Greek words “krypt ´os” standing for “hidden” and the word “l ´ogos” that means “word”, are in essence the base from where the word cryptology was derived. As these words denote, cryptology can be best explained by the meaning “hidden word”. In this context, the original purpose behind cryptology is hiding the meaning of some specific combination of words which in turn would insure secrecy and confidentiality. This is a very limited viewpoint in today’s perspective and a wide range of security applications and issues now come under the term of cryptology (rest of the portion of this section will clarify this point of view). As field of mathematical science, Cryptology includes the study of both cryptanalysis as well as cryptography. On one hand, cryptography is a very broad term and represents any process used for data protection. On the other hand, the study of security related issues Continue reading

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Sales Promotion in Industrial Marketing

Sales promotion is an activity used by the industrial marketer to boost  the immediate sales of a product or service. It is used to increase the  sales by impressing the customers, rewarding them and also motivating  the sales force to get more business. There are different techniques  used in a industrial sales promotion activity like a free-sample campaign, offering  free gifts, arranging demonstrations or exhibitions, organizing  competitions with attractive prizes, temporary price reductions, door-to-door  calling, telemarketing, using personal letters, etc. More than any other element of the promotional mix, sales promotion is  about “action”. It is about stimulating customers to buy a product. It is not  designed to be informative — a role which advertising is much better  suited to. Need for Sales Promotion in Industrial Marketing To introduce a new product in the market. To influence the public with the help of new uses of the product. To increase Continue reading

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