Participative Management – Workers Participation in Management

Human Resource Management

Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

How to Meet Costa Rica’s 2026 VASP Requirements Without Expanding Headcount

General Business Articles

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Case Study of Euro Disney: Managing Marketing Environmental Challenges

Michael Eisner joined the Walt Disney Company as the chairman of the board in 1984, after his successes at the ABC television network and Paramount. The same year, Tokyo Disney was completing its first year of operations after five years of planning and construction, when the Walt Disney Co. entered into an agreement with Oriental Land Company in Japan. More than 10 million people visited the park that year, spending $355 million. This was $155 million more than had been expected and was partially attributed to the average expenditure per visitor being $35, rather than the estimated $21. The timing of the Tokyo Disneyland opening coincided with a rise in income and leisure time among the Japanese. Tokyo Disneyland thus became quickly profitable. Growth continued, and by 1990 more than 14 million people visited the park, a figure slightly higher than the attendance at Disneyland in California and about half Continue reading

Abey Francis

Category Management Concept in Retailing

Retail is often termed as a business of responding to change. Today‘s retailer is faced with a rapidly changing and demanding consumer, intense competition, and pressures on costs. The combinations of the business condition that exist today and the advances in technology have created an opportunity for the development of new management approaches. One such approach is that of category management. The need to reduce costs, control inventory levels and replenish stock efficiently, led to the concept of Efficient Consumer Response (ECR) taking shape in the grocery retail industry in Europe and America. By focusing on a superior understanding of consumer needs, category management provides renewed opportunities for meeting consumer needs, and at the same time, for achieving competitive advantage as well as lower costs through greater work process efficiencies. Category Management can be defined as the distributor’s / supplier’s process of managing categories as strategic business units, producing enhanced Continue reading

Abey Francis

Executive Compensation – Salaries and Compensation for Management

Executive employees, such as chief executive officers (CEOs), chief financial officers (CFOs), company presidents, and other upper level managers are often compensated differently than those at lower levels of an organization. Executive compensation consists of base salary, bonuses, long-term incentives, benefits, and perquisites. For the higher management, salaries are influenced by the size of a company, performance of the company, by the specific industry, and in party by the contribution of the incumbent to the process of decision-making. The more profitable the organization is the firm, the better is the compensation paid to the executives. Executive Compensation An executive is a person who  is a member of the highest decision-making group in an organization. Chief  executive officer (CEO), full-time directors and other senior managers fall in  this category. Executive compensation includes base salary, bonus long-term  incentives, and perquisites (perks) payable to executive. Executive  compensation has become a hot topic in Continue reading

Abey Francis

ERP Planning

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is an integrated information system to take care of all departments within an enterprise. An ERP system generally includes software for sales, manufacturing, materials management, accounts receivable and payable, general ledger, warehousing, transportation etc. Many ERP systems also offer human resource management module or HRIS. Lot of effort is required for ERP planning and implementation. First step of automating your enterprise is to set up a committee to look into the requirement and feasibility of various ERP systems, which may lead eventually to ERP planning. The first stage is ERP planning and organizing. Two types of questionnaires may be prepared. One questionnaire shall address the needs of the organization to collect the information “as-is” and the second questionnaire to compare various features required in the new system (ERP). This questionnaire helps you to shortlist an ERP vendor. Then you need to define the scope of your Continue reading

Abey Francis

Country Risk in International Investments

Country risk is defined as the exposure to a loss in cross-border lending caused by events in a particular country. These events must be, at least to some extent, under the control of the government of that country; they are definitely not under the control of an enterprise or individual. All cross-border lending in a country – whether to the government, a bank, a private enterprise or an individual – is exposed to country risk. Country risk is thus a broader concept than sovereign risk, which is the risk of lending to the government of a sovereign nation. Further, only events that are, at least to some extent, under the control of the government, can lead to the materialization of country risk. A default caused by bankruptcy is country risk if the bankruptcy is the result of the mismanagement of the economy by the government. It is commercial risk if Continue reading

Abey Francis

An Overview of Credit Card

Credit is a method of selling goods or services without the buyer having cash in hand. A credit card is only an automatic way of offering credit to a consumer. A credit card is basically a plastic card with a magnetic strip invented with the intention to simplify the complicated banking process for an individual in case he/she is short of cash, be it something casual like shopping or something severe like an emergency situation. The dictionary defines a credit card as ‘A card which can be used to obtain cash, goods or services up to a stipulated credit limit. The supplier is later paid by the credit card company which in due course is reimbursed by the credit card holder who will be charged interest at the end of the credit period if money is still owing.’ The word credit comes from Latin, meaning “trust. This means that using Continue reading

Abey Francis