Participative Management – Workers Participation in Management

Human Resource Management

Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

How to Meet Costa Rica’s 2026 VASP Requirements Without Expanding Headcount

General Business Articles

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Statutory Meeting of a Company

Statutory Meeting  is the first meeting of the shareholders of a public company. It must be held within a period  of not less than one month nor more than 6 months from the date at which the company is entitled to  commence business. It is held only once in the lifetime of a company. A private company and a  company limited by guarantee and not having a share capital need not hold such a meeting. The purpose of the statutory meeting with its statutory report is to put the shareholders of the company in  possession of all the important facts relating to the new company, what shares have been taken up, what  moneys received etc. This also provides an opportunity to the shareholders of meeting to discuss the  whole situation, the management and prospects of the company. The Board of Directors must, atleast 21 days before the day on which Continue reading

Abey Francis

Trade Protectionism in International Business

Trade Protectionism is the economic policy of restraining trade between nations,  through methods such as high tariffs on imported goods, restrictive quotas, and  anti-dumping laws in an attempt to protect domestic industries in a particular  nation from foreign take-over or competition. This contrasts with free trade,  where no artificial barriers to entry are instituted. Trade Protectionism has frequently been associated with economic theories such as  mercantilism, the belief that it is beneficial to maintain a positive trade balance,  and import substitution. There are two main variants of trade protectionism,  depending on whether the tariff is intended to be collected (traditional  protectionism) or not (modern protectionism). Modern protectionism:  In the modern trade arena many other initiatives besides tariffs have been called  protectionist. For example some economists see  developed countries’ efforts in imposing their own labor or environmental  standards as protectionism. Also, the imposition of restrictive certification  procedures on imports are seen Continue reading

Abey Francis

Article on Indian Banking Sector- “Survival is the mother of innovation”

“Banks can provide innovation products and services to their corporate and retail customers only when creative people are in place along with latest technology. Such people might provide innovative ideas to customers and banks. By converting there acceptable ideas into reality, banks can get an edge to compete effectively in the global village. Indian banking is also changing its shape rapidly by adopting innovative technology, products and services.” Innovation is the key to success for any activity. Innovation banking is therefore not an exception. Innovation banking is possible only when we have innovative people in banking. Moreover, innovative ideas of such people have to be heard at the right time by the right people. Only then the needed encouragement and support is given to convert such innovative ideas in reality. In the past, a generation gap is considered to be with a span of at least 10 years. Whereas with Continue reading

Abey Francis

Salovey and Mayer’s (1990) 10 Original Facets of Emotional Intelligence

Emotion is a relatively difficult concept to clearly delineate but it is generally accepted that it is an organised mental response that includes physiological, experiential and cognitive aspects.  Emotions are largely, but not exclusively, related to interpersonal relationships and specific emotions are relatively resistant to cultural and individual differences, although these can affect the way in which emotions are expressed or perceived. Personal intelligence is defined as the feelings and emotions of oneself and the ability to understand and interpret these feelings in order to guide behaviour.  This can be expanded into emotional intelligence by including the application of this knowledge to other people and also to regulate actions based on it. The term emotional intelligence (EI) per se was coined in 1990 by Salovey and Mayer.  The term EI applies to an ability to process emotional information in an appropriate way, with a balance being achieved between emotion and reason. Continue reading

Abey Francis

Firm’s Shut-Down Point

At shut-down point one very important question arises i.e. will a firm take an exit as soon as it incurs a loss? The answer will be in the negative.   No doubt the aim of the firm is to maximize profit and when it incurs a loss it must try to minimize its loss.   This implies that a firm should remain in production at least as long as its loss is minimized.   To understand the shut-down point of the firm we shall have to reconsider the cost structure.   When the average revenue is below the average cost then the firm is not enjoying profit but is incurring a loss.   But the average cost itself is made up of average fixed cost and average variable cost.   Now, as long as the average revenue of the firm can cover its variable cost then the firm will continue Continue reading

Abey Francis

Portfolio Revision Strategies in Investment Portfolio Management

Meaning of Portfolio Revision A portfolio is a mix of securities selected from a vast universe of securities. Two variables determine the composition of a portfolio; the first is the securities included in the portfolio and the second is the proportion of total funds invested in each security. Portfolio revision involves changing the existing mix of securities. This may be effected either by changing the securities currently included in the portfolio or by altering the proportion of funds invested in the securities. New securities may be added to the portfolio or some of the existing securities may be removed from the portfolio. Portfolio revision thus leads to purchases and sales of securities. The objective of portfolio revision is the same as the objective of portfolio selection, i.e. maximizing the return for a given level of risk or minimizing the risk for a given level of return. The ultimate aim of Continue reading

Abey Francis