Evolution of Management Information System

There have been a lot of changes in the way in which information processing has come up. This change in information processing system can be seen from the point of view of the enabling technologies as well as the increasing demands of the information processing capabilities of organizations. In the past, small organizations were owned and operated by one man. The owner was both president and chief-executive who single handedly undertook all the functions required to operate the organization, including accounting, inventory control, public relations, research and so on. The owner personally gathered information necessary to carry out various functions, either using it as it was gathered or storing the information in his memory for later retrieval. Once a decision is made, the owner undertook the necessary action himself. For a small organization, the owner-oriented information system was often very efficient. For the owner himself, a highly integrated information system Continue reading

Strategies Adopted in Proxy Battles

To win over proxy wars (in the case of takeover bids), where the corporate board or equity holders meetings are exposed to proxy wars, the directors have to adopt strategies based on the steps given below: Collection of material information Construction of proxy fight team Mass contact with shareholders Board of Directors of a company while facing a takeover bid have to work hard to defeat such a bid. Therefore they should collect all possible information about the affairs of their own company, competitors, the takeover — bidder and the opponents. Particularly the management of a company with small holdings on their board face stiff problem. In that case the only remedy is to allow board members to increase shareholdings. To face the opponents, the board must use all the material information available for their defense. The proxy fight team includes experts and persons of experience to help the management Continue reading

The Six Markets Model

The Six Markets Model/Framework illustrates an expanded view on where Marketing can be applied. It identifies Six Key market domains where organizations should direct marketing activity and where the development of detailed marketing strategies may be needed. Apart from existing and potential customers, those markets are: Referral markets; Supplier Markets; employer recruitment Markets; influence Markets; and internal Markets. 1. Customer Markets Customer markets are characterized by long-term relations between buyers and sellers. Long-term relations evolve if buyers trust sellers to provide high quality and if sellers are trustworthy. However, changes in the terms of this implicit contract may antagonize customers and disrupt the relation. We experimentally show that mutually beneficial long-term relations frequently prevail in markets for experience goods, and that price rigidity after a temporary cost shock is much more pronounced if price increases cannot be justified by cost increases. Hence, long-term relations on customer markets mitigate market failure Continue reading

Total Quality Management (TQM) Approach

Quality is a continuous process that can be broken anywhere in the system of supply and customer service. By letting every person know how their activities help fulfill customer’s requirements, the organization can motivate their employees and supplies to provide quality consistently. They must also realize that throughout the organization they will have both internal customers and’ supplies to those outside the organization. In general, a process helps to change a set of inputs into desired output in the form of products or services. Proper investigation of the inputs and outputs of the organization help to determine the action to be taken for the improvement of the quality. The quest for continuous improvement of quality is a continuous cycle. The process on which continuous improvement is based is generally known as “Deming Wheel“. The wheel represented below shows a continuous movement in a certain direction. The idea behind this that Continue reading

Different Types of Reports Used in Business

After thorough study, collection of all relevant facts and information and proper scrutiny and analysis of a problem relating to past or present, submission of the conclusions supported by statements and other relevant data etc. is called a report, which offers suggestions for solution of the problem studied. A report is a formal communication written for a specific purpose; it includes a description of procedures followed for collection and analysis of data, their significance, the conclusions drawn from them, and recommendations, if required.  The information present in the report is needed to evaluate progress and plan future action. Reports provide feed back to an organization to guide future course of action. According to C.A.Brown, “A report is a communication form of some one who has some information to some one who needs that information.“ The goal of making reports is to make the information as clear and convenient and accessible Continue reading

Impact of Service-Dominant Logic on Strategic Marketing and Relationship Marketing

The Stephen Vargo and Robert Lusch paper “Evolving to a New Dominant Logic for Marketing” (2004, Journal of Marketing) redefines and redirects the age-old economic view of goods and services. Their paper states, “Over the past several decades, marketing has been evolving toward a new dominant logic… The evolving logic represents a shift away from the exchange of tangible output (goods) toward the exchange of services, which are defined as the application of specialized competences (knowledge and skills), through deeds, processes, and performances for the benefit of another entity or the entity itself.” This philosophy of marketing argues that firms are not really providing goods, but are actually rendering a service to consumers through their goods. This new service-dominant logic view of marketing has already made a huge impact on both the strategic marketing and relationship marketing of firms and will continue to further impact future marketing strategy. For nearly Continue reading