Participative Management – Workers Participation in Management

Human Resource Management

Case Study on Entrepreneurship: Larry Page

Business Analysis

The Boundaryless Career: Modern Contemperory Perspective on Career

Human Resource Management

How to Meet Costa Rica’s 2026 VASP Requirements Without Expanding Headcount

General Business Articles

Concepts of Throughput Accounting and Theory of Constraints

Financial Management

Offshore Banking

Origin of  Offshore Banking The origin of offshore banking units can be traced to the growth of financial activity in tax havens. A “tax haven” is a place where non-residents can receive income or own assets without paying high taxes. Some such places are Bahamas, Bermuda, Hong Kong, the Netherlands, Panama and Switzerland. Some features of these tax havens are: Low rate or complete absence of income tax on foreign investment and income. High degree of economical and political stability and a political system, which directly or indirectly encourages and fosters business activity at the center. Strict and well enforced rules of banking secrecy. Absence of exchange control Availability of supporting infrastructure such as an efficient communications and transportation network. Presence of well developed legal system and professional accounting expertise. Investor’s confidence due to past credential. No incidence of violence or criminal activities. These features encourage various types of business Continue reading

Abey Francis

Case Study on Apple’s Business Strategies

Apple was founded by Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak in 1976;  Apple Computers  revolutionized the personal computer industry.  Apple Computers Inc is considered to be one of the innovators in the computer industry. It brought about different changes to the industry; these changes are still visible in the present.   The company’s products were used as a basis by other computer company’s in designing the specifications and physical characteristics of their product. It also serves as a meter of how products are designed. The company offers various products for the different market it targets. The products made by the company offer something different. We can describe Apple’s business strategy in terms of product differentiation and strategic alliances. Product Differentiation Apple prides itself on its innovation.   When reviewing the history of Apple, it is evident that this attitude permeated the company during its peaks of success. For instance, Apple pioneered Continue reading

Abey Francis

Purchase Systems and Importance of Source

In an organization all activities are carried out according to systems and procedures for reducing variations and errors arising out of individuality. This makes performing the function simple and less prone to errors. Purchase organization also consists of such systems established for smooth running of purchasing function. These systems are pre purchase system, ordering system, post purchase system. Pre Purchase System: This system lays down how purchase activity is initiated. Various activities controlled by this system are requisitioning, selection of suppliers and obtaining & evaluating quotations. Requisitions: Requisition for an item may be made by anyone in the organization. Pre purchase system prescribes separate requisition form for capital equipment as this purchase activity is controlled by a separate system. Requisition for an item shall be made in a standard format. This format ensures that indenting person furnishes all relevant information like quantity, specifications, etc. and gets the purchase authorized by Continue reading

Abey Francis

Diversification of Risk in Portfolio Management

Average investors are risk averse. Therefore, they will be ready to invest into securities under the presumption of an adequate compensation for risk taking. The compensation for the risk taken should be in the form of minimal rate of return for the invested financial assets, and the rate is named the required rate of return. It has two components: Delayed consumption compensation (investors could have purchased goods and services with the assets they are to invest) and Risk acceptance compensation. Diversification is used to stabilize the potential return, and thus increase the value of the investment. Diversification stands for he investment of capital into several different securities or projects, all together called the portfolio. Each security or project entails certain risk; however, the only thing that matters to the investors who diversify their investments is the total risk (portfolio risk) and the portfolio return. There are two types of risks Continue reading

Abey Francis

Strategy Diamond – The Five Elements of Strategy

All organizations have strategies. The real question for a business is not whether it has a  strategy but rather whether its strategy is effective or ineffective, and whether the elements  of the strategy are chosen by managers, luck, or by default. You have probably heard the  saying, “luck is a matter of being in the right place at the right time”–well, the key to  making sure you are in the right place at the right time is preparation, and in many ways,  strategizing provides that type of preparation. Luck is not a bad thing.    The challenge is to  recognize luck when you see it, capitalize on luck, and put the organization repeatedly in  luck’s path. The strategy diamond model was developed by strategy researchers Don Hambrick and Jim  Fredrickson as a framework for checking and communicating a strategy.  The strategy diamond framework can be used systematically to examine a Continue reading

Abey Francis

Retail Selling Process – Personal Selling Process

Retail selling as the name suggests involves personal contacts. Advertising, on the other hand, involves no personal contact. Sales promotion is different from both these techniques. Now let us briefly explain about the Retail selling, its definition, qualities of retail seller and objectives . Salesmanship and Retail Selling The success of a marketing firm really depends on its effectiveness in creating a demand for its products and how effectively it satisfies its customers. To create a demand for the product, usually three techniques are employed by the marketing firms, namely, Personal Selling, Advertising and Sales Promotion. Of them personal selling has assumed an ever increasing importance than other techniques. The number of people employed in advertising is in thousands whereas in personal selling (retail selling) the number is in millions. Personal selling occurs where an individual salesperson sells a product, service or solution to a client. Salespeople match  the benefits Continue reading

Abey Francis