Multiparty Negotiation

Multiparty negotiation is a negotiation process in where more than two parties are working together to reach a collective objective. In the multiparty negotiation process, each party has his own preferences and priorities. Therefore, a meeting is required to make a discussion about the best options for everybody and make a collective decision. This is a multiparty negotiation that involves unique dynamics in a collective decision-making process. However, the process is not that easy to manage. There are factors that make multiparty negotiations more difficult to manage than one-on-one negotiation. First of all, number of parties makes the negotiation become bigger and create challenges for managing several different perspectives. It is difficult to ensure that each party has enough time to speak his own preference and be heard. Secondly, informational and computational complexity brings in more issues, more perspectives on issues, and more total information. Increasing the number of parties Continue reading

Importance of Innovation Strategies in Organizations

Innovation is significant in terms of bringing new ideas within the operational procedures that are effective for increasing the company performance and overall company productivity. Companies develop innovation strategy in order to implement appropriate innovation tactics, which prevents the company from facing any financial or situational crisis. Appropriate innovation are also beneficial for mapping the unique value proposition of the company for the target customer market. It is important to conduct appropriate innovation planning, in order to organize the innovation initiatives in the organization, in order to create a positive impact on the organization. According to the experts, the impact of the innovation depends on the strategic choices made by the organization. One of the most common method bringing innovation in the organization is to incorporate technological benefits in the company operations. However, in order to ensure the success of innovative ideas in the organization, the management has to take Continue reading

How to Write a Good Literature Review

A literature review is the summary and critical evaluation of previous published or unpublished researches made by various scholars and researchers. The source of literature review may be newspapers, articles, journals, magazines, books, thesis, reports, websites, wikis etc. It may also include discussions, methodological issues and suggestions for future research. The literature review  must be written clearly and accurately. Simple and easily understandable wording should be used in a review and unnecessary statements, jargons should be avoided. It must be written in such a way that it keeps reader’s attention and don’t make him bore. Don’t make it too complex. Simplify discussion. A good literature review gives only the relevant details, findings and feelings of the researcher comprehensively otherwise the reader lose the interest & attention. Here comprehensiveness does not mean that you should mention every research report, article or paper that has ever been published on your subject. Concentrate Continue reading

Scientific Method in Business Research

The scientific method is a systematic method of investigation, evaluation, experimentation, interpretation and theorizing. It is characterized by critical discrimination generally and system, and empirical verification. Generally speaking, the scientific method is characterized by a systematic study, based on theory and facts, universality or generality, objectivity of observation, predictability of results, and verifiability of the phenomenon. It consists of a number of formalities and procedures, which are time consuming. Time management is the basic requirement for the success of managerial decisions. Many management problems require timely solutions and decisions. In such situations, the management may not have adequate time at its disposal to make use of scientific studies before arriving at decisions. Laboratory experiments occupy a prominent place in the scientific method, which may not be useful in many situations of managerial decision-making. Physical science phenomena may be subjected to laboratory tests and physical control. Most of the managerial policies Continue reading

Modes of Transportation in Logistics

Transportation infrastructure in logistics consists of the rights-of-ways, vehicles, and carrier organizations that offer transportation services on a for-hire or internal basis. The nature of the infrastructure also determines a variety of legal and economic characteristics for each mode or multi-modal system. A mode identifies the basic transportation method or form. Rail Network Since olden times, railroads have handled the largest number of ton-miles. As a result of the early establishment of a comprehensive rail network connecting almost all the cities and towns, railways dominated the intercity freight tonnage till World War II and in some cases of Europe, Asia and Africa they even connected the countries. This early superiority enabled railways to transport large shipments very economically. The capability to efficiently transport large tonnage over long distances is the main reason railroads continue to handle significant intercity tonnage and revenue. Railroad operations incur high fixed costs because of expensive Continue reading

Nicosia Model of Consumer Behavior

Nicosia Model of Consumer Behavior  was developed in 1966, by Professor Francesco M. Nicosia, an expert in consumer motivation and behavior.  This model focuses on the relationship between the firm and its potential consumers.  The model suggests that messages from the firm (advertisements) first influences the predisposition of the consumer towards the product or service.   Based on the situation, the consumer will have a certain attitude towards the product.     This may result in a search for the product or an evaluation of the product attributes by the consumer.   If the above step satisfies the consumer, it may result in a positive response, with a decision to buy the product otherwise the reverse may occur.  Looking to the model we will find that the firm and the consumer are connected with each other, the firm tries to influence the consumer and the consumer is influencing the firm Continue reading